Canine Abdominal Tumors: Spotlight on Splenic Cancer in Dogs

As a devoted pet parent, few things are more concerning than discovering a lump, swelling, or sudden change in your dog’s health. Tumors in the abdominal region—especially those involving the spleen—can be serious, sometimes life-threatening, conditions. The spleen is a vital organ that plays a key role in blood filtration and immune function, yet diseases affecting it often go unnoticed until advanced stages.

Understanding splenic tumors, recognizing early warning signs, and utilizing advanced screening tools such as Oncotect’s canine cancer wellness screen can make all the difference in protecting your dog’s health and extending their quality of life.

The Spleen’s Role in Canine Health

The spleen, located in the abdomen near the stomach, is part of the lymphatic and immune systems. Its primary functions include:

• Filtering and recycling blood – removing old or damaged red blood cells.

• Storing blood – acting as a blood reserve during times of need.

• Supporting immune defense – producing and storing white blood cells that fight infection.

When the spleen is affected by tumors, its ability to perform these critical tasks is compromised. Some splenic tumors are benign, but others can be malignant and aggressive, spreading quickly to other organs.

Common Types of Splenic Tumors in Dogs

Several tumor types can develop in or metastasize to the spleen. The most common include:

1. Hemangiosarcoma

One of the most aggressive canine cancers, hemangiosarcoma originates in the blood vessel lining and frequently targets the spleen. It’s notorious for rapid growth and internal bleeding. Breeds such as German Shepherds, Golden Retrievers, and Labrador Retrievers are at higher risk.

2. Mast Cell Tumors

While mast cell tumors typically develop in the skin, they can spread to internal organs, including the spleen. They release histamine and other chemicals, which may cause systemic symptoms such as vomiting, loss of appetite, and stomach ulcers.

3. Lymphoma

A cancer of the lymphatic system, lymphoma often involves the spleen and lymph nodes, causing organ enlargement and immune system disruption.

Symptoms of Splenic Tumors in Dogs

One of the biggest challenges with splenic tumors is that many dogs show no symptoms until the tumor is large or ruptures. However, signs to watch for include:

• Abdominal swelling or a firm mass in the belly

• Lethargy and weakness

• Pale gums, indicating anemia

• Loss of appetite or weight loss

• Sudden collapse (often due to internal bleeding)

If your dog exhibits any of these symptoms—especially collapse—it’s a veterinary emergency.

How Splenic Tumors Are Diagnosed

If a veterinarian suspects a splenic tumor, they may recommend:

• Physical Examination – Palpating the abdomen for masses or fluid.

• Imaging Studies – Ultrasound or X-rays to visualize the spleen, assess tumor size, and check for spread to other organs.

• Bloodwork – Detects anemia, abnormal white blood cell counts, or other systemic effects.

• Fine Needle Aspiration or Biopsy – Obtains cells or tissue for laboratory analysis to determine tumor type.

The Role of Oncotect in Early Detection

Traditional diagnosis often occurs after symptoms appear , when the disease may already be advanced. This is where Oncotect’s canine cancer screening test offers a revolutionary advantage.

Oncotect is a non-invasive, at-home urine test that screens for cancer-associated metabolites—chemical markers released by cancer cells, including those linked to hemangiosarcoma and lymphoma. These metabolites can be present before a tumor is visible on imaging or causing symptoms.

Key benefits of Oncotect for splenic tumor detection:

• Early Intervention – Detects cancer risk earlier, when treatment options are broader and more effective.

• Non-Invasive & Stress-Free – No needles, sedation, or imaging required; just a simple urine sample.

• Proactive Monitoring – Ideal for high-risk breeds or senior dogs as part of annual or semi-annual wellness checks.

By incorporating Oncotect into your dog’s routine health plan, you can uncover hidden cancer risk and work with your veterinarian on timely follow-up diagnostics.

Treatment Options for Splenic Tumors

Treatment depends on the type, size, and spread of the tumor, as well as your dog’s overall health:

Surgical Removal (Splenectomy)

For localized tumors or ruptured spleens, surgery is often the first step. Removing the spleen can resolve internal bleeding and may be curative for benign growths.

Chemotherapy

For malignant tumors like hemangiosarcoma or lymphoma, chemotherapy is used after surgery or as a primary treatment to target cancer cells throughout the body.

Targeted Therapies

Drugs such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) can target specific cancer cell pathways, slowing tumor growth.

Palliative Care

For advanced, inoperable cases, palliative measures aim to maintain comfort, manage pain, and reduce symptoms.

Prognosis and Quality of Life

Prognosis varies significantly:

• Benign tumors – Surgical removal often leads to a good outcome.

• Malignant tumors – Prognosis is more guarded; hemangiosarcoma can be aggressive even after surgery.

• Early detection – Dogs diagnosed before rupture or metastasis generally have a much better quality of life and longer survival.

This underscores why early cancer screening with Oncotect can be life-changing—it gives you and your vet more time to plan and act.

Preventive Measures and Ongoing Screening

While cancer prevention isn’t always possible, proactive measures can help:

• Regular Vet Check-Ups – Annual exams (or twice yearly for senior dogs) increase chances of catching issues early.

• Know Your Breed Risks – If you own a breed prone to splenic tumors, consider more frequent screenings.

• Monitor for Changes – Any new lump, swelling, or change in behavior warrants attention.

• Integrate Oncotect Screening – Use Oncotect annually for healthy dogs, and every 6–12 months for high-risk breeds or older pets.

Why Oncotect Belongs in Your Dog’s Wellness Plan

Splenic tumors are often silent until it’s too late—but you don’t have to wait for symptoms to take action. Oncotect’s wellness screen for cancer empowers you to:

• Catch cancer risk earlier than traditional methods.

• Avoid invasive testing unless it’s truly warranted.

• Gain peace of mind knowing you’re actively monitoring your dog’s health.

For breeds like German Shepherds, Golden Retrievers, and Labrador Retrievers, where splenic cancer risk is higher, the ability to test at home between vet visits can be invaluable.

Final Thoughts

Splenic tumors in dogs can be devastating, but knowledge and proactive care are your best defense. By learning the signs, staying on top of regular veterinary care, and integrating advanced early detection tools like Oncotect , you can give your dog the best chance at a longer, healthier life.

Cancer is most treatable when caught early—don’t wait for symptoms to act. Make Oncotect part of your dog’s wellness routine and take control of their health today.